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Courses/Information Technology/Artificial Intelligence

Interpreting Machine Learning Models: Permutation, Partial Dependence, ICE and ALE

Interpret any model with visual tools like permutation feature importance, partial dependence plots, accumulated local effects and individual conditional expectation

Created bySoledad Galli
IntermediateUpdated Oct 2, 2026
Interpreting Machine Learning Models: Permutation, Partial Dependence, ICE and ALE

What You'll Learn

check_circleApply permutation feature importance to assess model-specific feature relevance.
check_circleGenerate and interpret partial dependence plots to visualize feature-target relationships.
check_circleImplement accumulated local effects to mitigate issues caused by correlated features.
check_circleUtilize individual conditional expectation plots to uncover heterogeneous model behavior.
check_circleCompare the strengths and limitations of different post-hoc interpretability methods.

About This Course

This course provides a comprehensive examination of post-hoc model-agnostic interpretability methods for machine learning. It covers the theoretical foundations and practical implementation of Permutation Feature Importance, Partial Dependence Plots, Accumulated Local Effects, and Individual Conditional Expectation plots. Participants will learn how to inspect model decisions, evaluate feature importance, and visualize feature-target relationships while accounting for challenges like feature correlation, randomness, and model extrapolation. The content focuses on applying these techniques to both white-box and black-box models using Python libraries such as scikit-learn, ELI5, and Feature-engine.

Topics Covered:

  • Permutation feature importance mechanisms
  • Partial dependence plot visualization
  • Accumulated local effects calculation
  • Individual conditional expectation plots
  • Handling correlated feature impacts
  • Two-way feature interaction analysis
  • Model performance and interpretability links
  • Python library implementation strategies

Your Instructor

Soledad Galli
Soledad Galli

Data Scientist | Python Developer | Author and Instructor

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I'm a data scientist, machine learning educator and open-source developer. I've built machine learning models for credit risk, insurance claims and fraud prevention, and I am passionate about helping data scientists build models that hold up in real-world projects. My courses are designed for intermediate and advanced practitioners. They cover feature engineering, feature selection, hyperparameter optimization, imbalanced data and the design of robust machine learning pipelines, with a strong emphasis on techniques you can apply straight away in your own work. In the age of generative AI, when a working model can be coded in minutes, the real skill lies in understanding the methods deeply enough to review that output with rigor and a critical eye, and that's exactly what these courses are built to develop. I'm the creator and maintainer of Feature-engine, an open-source Python library for feature engineering and feature selection used by data scientists worldwide. I'm also the author of three books published by Packt: Python Feature Engineering Cookbook, Feature Selection in Machine Learning, and Imbalanced Data: Myths, Mistakes and Modern Solutions. I speak regularly at conferences and meetups, and I enjoy connecting technical communities with the tools and knowledge they need to succeed. In 2018 I received a Data Science Leaders Award, and in 2019 LinkedIn recognized me as one of its voices in data science and analytics. Before moving into data science, I earned an MSc in Biology and a PhD in Biochemistry, then spent more than eight years as a research scientist at institutions including University College London and the Max Planck Institute. That scientific training still shapes how I teach: rigorous, evidence-based, and focused on understanding why a method works before reaching for it.

Credit Information

Is this course eligible for my CPD requirements as a Canadian CPA?

Provincial regulators of CPAs in Canada do not require that independent providers of CPD be approved to offer courses. Instead, individual CPAs are responsible for assessing whether a CPD activity meets their requirements, and may take activities from any source provided those requirements are met.

Every course offered on LearnFormula is delivered by a qualified subject matter expert or learning organization, and advances learning objectives that are relevant to the responsibilities or professional competencies of Canadian CPAs. All activities on LearnFormula are quantifiable in terms of hours, and are also verifiable, in that users receive documented evidence of their attendance via a certificate of completion after finishing a course (and this certificate is stored by LearnFormula indefinitely). Nearly 100,000 Canadian CPAs successfully satisfy their CPD requirements via LearnFormula on an annual basis.

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Frequently Asked Questions

We are a registered provider with 327+ associations and regulatory bodies worldwide. We operate across 29 global markets including Canada, the US, Australia, and the UK. Every course page clearly displays its specific accreditations. Upon completion, you receive a professional certificate that can be validated online. Our certificates include all necessary accreditation details, credit hours, and completion dates, and are formatted specifically to meet the submission requirements of most global regulatory bodies.

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