Uncover why Canada's GDP and productivity lag the US, revealing how the divide is largely concentrated among top earners and driven by factors like selective emigration and an innovation def

Discover the compelling reasons behind the enduring economic performance gap between Canada and the United States in "Sources of the Canada–US Productivity and GDP Divide." This course challenges conventional aggregate analyses, revealing that the persistent 20-30% disparity in GDP per adult and labor productivity is not uniform across the population.
You will explore how this historical divergence, dating back over a century, is predominantly driven by specific segments of the income distribution, particularly the top 10% of earners. While both nations share similar institutions and open borders, the course dissects why Canada's GDP per adult has consistently remained between 70% and 90% of the US level, and why this gap has recently widened.
Upon completion, you will be able to:
This course provides a rigorous, evidence-based investigation into one of North America's most significant economic puzzles, offering critical insights for policymakers, economists, and anyone interested in the dynamics of national productivity and income inequality.

Accounting Knowledge Hub delivers practical CPD for accountants, auditors, and finance professionals. We offer clear, relevant training in taxation, nonprofit compliance, climate reporting, fraud prevention, and emerging tools like AI—helping professionals stay current with evolving standards.
Provincial regulators of CPAs in Canada do not require that independent providers of CPD be approved to offer courses. Instead, individual CPAs are responsible for assessing whether a CPD activity meets their requirements, and may take activities from any source provided those requirements are met.
Every course offered on LearnFormula is delivered by a qualified subject matter expert or learning organization, and advances learning objectives that are relevant to the responsibilities or professional competencies of Canadian CPAs. All activities on LearnFormula are quantifiable in terms of hours, and are also verifiable, in that users receive documented evidence of their attendance via a certificate of completion after finishing a course (and this certificate is stored by LearnFormula indefinitely). Nearly 100,000 Canadian CPAs successfully satisfy their CPD requirements via LearnFormula on an annual basis.